Stroke is one of the leading causes of major disability and death worldwide. Ischemia and reperfusion are common determinants of stroke that produce cellular damage. Combinations of thrombolysis and a neuroprotecting agent or a combination of two neuroprotective agents have been proved to be effective in experimental stroke. Therefore in the current study, a polyherbal formulation being formed consisting three herbs, namely, Curcuma longa; a traditional Indian medicine, Panax ginseng and Camellia sinensis; a traditional Chinese medicine. Three doses of PHF were investigated for its neuroprotective effect i.e 1ml, 3ml and 10ml. Induction of ischemia was done by Bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) and Bilateral common carotid artery occlusion with chronic hypoperfusion (Permanent BCCAO). Results suggested that PHF 3 and 10 ml effectively protected neuronal damage by elevating levels of antioxidants enzymes like SOD, CAT, GSH, etc. PHF also protected neuronal damage in the hippocampal CA1 region which can be evidenced by histopathological examination. In conclusion, Polyherbal treatment reduced the formation of superoxide probably by inhibiting xanthine/xanthine oxidase. In addition to this it has superoxide and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. This would have resulted in the decreased inactivation of GPx and SOD functionality as well as decreased membrane destruction by lipid peroxidation.
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